National Park Science: A Century of Research in South Africa
BOOK REVIEW by Wendy Annecke
Jane Carruthers has written a scholarly text that seeks to explain, in broad political and scientific terms, the changing philosophies and approaches to the ways in which research has been understood and conducted in South Africa’s national parks from 1930 to 2010. An eminent social and conservation historian, Carruthers has scoured the archives and made available previously unknown documents and information. She provides
details about the scientific achievements of and networks amongst more than a hundred of the first botanical, zoological and conservation scientists in South Africa, their international context and, importantly, the national politics that shaped their work. The lists of dates, the index and the selected sources are invaluable to anyone conducting conservation research in national parks.
The book is divided into three historical eras, each characterised by a particular approach to conservation science and research: 1900–1960 when protecting, preserving and propagating were the primary thrusts, 1960s–1990 when measuring, monitoring and manipulating were dominant, and 1990–2010 which Carruthers depicts as the epoch of integration, innovation and internationalisation. She addresses broad conservation debates and international trends as well as everyday considerations in each of the eras, providing case studies and illustrations new to many of us.
For example, Carruthers attributes the antagonism between vets and wildlifers to the 1900s when the Department of Agriculture was staffed by scientists (botanists and veterinarians) who had the ear of politicians. The vets believed that wildlife should be culled in order to prevent diseases from spreading from wildlife to livestock. Culling was strongly resisted by game wardens – but they were not considered scientists and had little authority. Only in 1962 was studying recognised as a function of national parks and park science began to be recognised.
In another example, Carruthers describes internal tensions, such as those between scientists and park management, as emanating from the different responsibilities and reporting lines which were entrenched by particular incidents, such as the Hoek Enquiry of 1953. The outcome of the enquiry was that, despite evidence of misconduct, Le Riche and Steyn remained in their posts whilst Louis B. Steyn was made warden of Kruger National Park. Carruthers explores the residual resentment of these long-forgotten events as they impact on our current practices. At national level
Carruthers illustrates how divisions between Afrikaans and English and black and white shaped the nature of conservation research: what was researched, and how it was conducted, recorded and published.
Carruthers welcomes the successes of SANParks science, including the founding of the journal Koedoe in 1958. She is enthusiastic about the changes that have occurred since 1990: the accountability and transparency, the openness to new ideas, networks and international relations. She
commends the organisation for grasping the opportunity for parks to be reinvented and for developing the 1998 'Framework for Transformation' that commits SANParks to modern concepts of conservation and progressive biodiversity management.
She notes how SANParks has moved from an era of maximal interference in the 1930s to minimised manipulation and engagement in theoretical innovation across a broad range of topics and challenges presented by the 21st century.
Jane Carruthuther’s National Park Science: A Century of Research in
South Africa examines the changing philosophies and approaches to
ways in which research has been understood and conducted in South
Africa’s national parks from 1930 to 2010
https://www.sanparks.org/assets/docs/co ... report.pdf PAGE 81
National Park Science: A Century of Research in South Africa
Discuss interesting books on conservation matters
- Lisbeth
- Site Admin
- Posts: 67237
- Joined: Sat May 19, 2012 12:31 pm
- Country: Switzerland
- Location: Lugano
- Contact:
National Park Science: A Century of Research in South Africa
"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world." Nelson Mandela
The desire for equality must never exceed the demands of knowledge
The desire for equality must never exceed the demands of knowledge
Return to “Books & Recommended Reading”
Jump to
- Africa Wild Board Information
- ↳ Forum Information
- ↳ Africa Wild Forum Information
- ↳ Benefits for Africa Wild Members
- ↳ Questions
- ↳ Suggestions
- Conservation and Management Issues of Concern
- ↳ Rhino Management and Poaching
- ↳ Elephant Management and Poaching
- ↳ General Poaching
- ↳ Developments and Commercialisation in National Parks
- ↳ Proposed Developments in National Parks
- ↳ General Hotel Discussions, KNP
- ↳ Proposed Skukuza Hotel, KNP
- ↳ Proposed Re-zoning, KNP
- ↳ Proposed Developments, KNP
- ↳ Proposed Developments, KTP
- ↳ Sporting (and other events) in National Parks
- ↳ SANParks' Management Issues
- ↳ General Management Issues - SANParks
- ↳ General Management Issues - Kruger
- ↳ Fire Experiments & Fire Management in KNP
- ↳ Vehicle Accidents in Kruger
- ↳ River Systems & Waterhole Management in KNP
- ↳ General Management Issues - Other National Parks
- ↳ SANParks' Gallery of Shame
- ↳ Ezemvelo KZN Management Issues
- ↳ General Conservation Issues
- ↳ Endangered Species
- ↳ Endangered Ecosystems
- ↳ Hunting
- ↳ Mining and Other Extraction Issues
- ↳ Other Conservation Issues
- ↳ Global Climate Change
- ↳ In the News
- ↳ Park Facilities: Needs Attention
- ↳ Lions and Other Endangered Animals Management and Poaching
- Public Participation - Kruger Management Plan
- ↳ Public Participation - Kruger Management Plan
- Africa Wild Campaigns
- ↳ Africa Wild Causes
- ↳ Petitions Forum
- ↳ World Rhino Day
- ↳ Support Anti Rhino Poaching
- Africa Wild Directory to Game Parks of Southern Africa
- ↳ All you need to know about Game and Bird Spotting
- ↳ All you need to know about South African National Parks
- ↳ South African National Parks in General
- ↳ Kruger National Park
- ↳ Kruger Information & General Discussion Forum
- ↳ Congestion in Kruger
- ↳ Camps of Kruger
- ↳ Favourite Routes in Kruger
- ↳ Gates, Hides, Lookouts & Picnic Spots in Kruger
- ↳ Wilderness and 4x4 Trails
- ↳ Travelling to and from Kruger
- ↳ Fauna and Flora of Kruger Park
- ↳ Travel Tales of Kruger
- ↳ History of Kruger
- ↳ Awards Survey
- ↳ Addo Elephant National Park
- ↳ Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park
- ↳ KTP Information and General Discussion Forum
- ↳ Camps of KTP
- ↳ Pics of Creatures Spotted in KTP
- ↳ Travel Tales of KTP
- ↳ Mapungubwe National Park
- ↳ Agulhas National Park
- ↳ Augrabies Falls National Park
- ↳ Namaqua National Park
- ↳ Bontebok National Park
- ↳ Karoo National Park
- ↳ Golden Gate Highlands National Park
- ↳ Camdeboo National Park
- ↳ Garden Route National Park
- ↳ Marakele National Park
- ↳ Mokala National Park
- ↳ Mountain Zebra National Park
- ↳ Table Mountain National Park
- ↳ Tankwa Karoo National Park
- ↳ West Coast National Park
- ↳ Ai-Ais Richtersveld Transfrontier Park
- ↳ All you need to know about Kwa Zulu Natal Game Parks
- ↳ Hluhluwe/Imfolozi Game Reserve
- ↳ Mkuze Game Reserve
- ↳ Ndumo Game Reserve
- ↳ Ithala Game Reserve
- ↳ iSimangaliso Wetland Park
- ↳ Tembe Elephant Park
- ↳ Other KZN Game Parks & Nature Reserves
- ↳ Travel tales of KZN Parks
- ↳ All you need to know about other South African Game Parks
- ↳ Pilanesberg Game Reserve
- ↳ Gauteng Province Game Parks & Nature Reserves
- ↳ North West Province Game Parks & Nature Reserves
- ↳ Limpopo Province Game Parks & Nature Reserves
- ↳ Western Cape Province Game Parks & Nature Reserves
- ↳ Northern Cape Province Game Parks & Nature Reserves
- ↳ Eastern Cape Province Game Parks & Nature Reserves
- ↳ Free State Province Game Parks & Nature Reserves
- ↳ Mpumalanga Game Parks & Nature Reserves
- ↳ All you need to know about Botswana Game Parks
- ↳ All you need to know about Mozambique Game Parks
- ↳ All you need to know about Namibia Game Parks
- ↳ All you need to know about Eswatini (Swaziland) Game Parks
- ↳ All you need to know about Tanzania Game Parks
- ↳ All you need to know about Zambia Game Parks
- ↳ All you need to know about Malawi Game Parks
- ↳ All you need to know about Zimbabwe Game Parks
- ↳ All you need to know about Kenya Game Parks
- ↳ All you need to know about Uganda Game Parks
- ↳ Questions and discussions on all Southern African Parks
- Africa Wild Travel Tales
- ↳ Africa Wild Travel Tales
- ↳ Travel Tales of South African National Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Kruger National Park
- ↳ Travel Tales of Kgalagadi Transfrontier National Park
- ↳ Travel Tales of Addo Elephant National Park
- ↳ Travel Tales of Mapungubwe National Park
- ↳ Travel Tales of other South African National Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of KZN Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Hluhluwe/Imfolozi Game Reserve
- ↳ Travel Tales of Ndumo Game Reserve
- ↳ Travel Tales of Mkuze Game Reserve
- ↳ Travel Tales of Ithala Game Reserve
- ↳ Travel Tales of Tembe Elephant Park
- ↳ Travel Tales of Other KZN Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Other South African Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Pilanesberg Game Reserve
- ↳ Travel Tales of North West Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Limpopo Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Eastern Cape Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Western Cape Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Northern Cape Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Gauteng Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Free State Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Mpumalanga Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Botswana Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Namibia Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Zimbabwe Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Tanzania Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Central & East Africa Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Swaziland Parks
- ↳ Travel Tales of Zambia Parks
- ↳ Tales of Wildlife Experiences & Animal Behaviour
- ↳ Travel Tales of Africa Wild Adventures
- ↳ Travel Tales from around the World
- African Wildlife: Animals, Birds, Plants
- ↳ Mammals
- ↳ Birds
- ↳ Reptiles
- ↳ Amphibians and Fishes
- ↳ Invertebrates
- ↳ Plants
- ↳ The Monthly How, What & Why of Wildlife
- Africa Wild Special Interests
- ↳ Africa Wild Photography
- ↳ Pic of the Day
- ↳ Pic of the Month 2024
- ↳ Pic of the Month 2022/2023
- ↳ Pic of the Year 2023
- ↳ Pic of the Year 2022
- ↳ Pic of the Year 2021
- ↳ Archived Galleries 2011-2024
- ↳ Gallery the Year 2011
- ↳ Bird Pic of the Year 2011
- ↳ Animal Pic of the Year 2011
- ↳ Gallery of the Year 2012
- ↳ Gallery of the Year 2014
- ↳ Gallery of the Year 2015
- ↳ Gallery of the Year 2013
- ↳ Gallery of the Year 2016
- ↳ Gallery of the Year 2017
- ↳ Gallery of the Year 2018
- ↳ Gallery of the Year 2019
- ↳ Gallery of the Year 2020
- ↳ Gallery of the year 2021
- ↳ Gallery of the year 2022
- ↳ Gallery of the year 2023
- ↳ General Photography Discussion Forum
- ↳ Technical Photography Discussion Forum
- ↳ Photo Competition - Your Best Photo of.....
- ↳ Webcams
- ↳ Monthly Webcam Gallery
- ↳ Webcam Sightings
- ↳ Africa Wild Quizzies & Games
- ↳ Wildlife from Out of Africa
- ↳ The Fishing Hole
- ↳ Books & Recommended Reading
- ↳ Heritage
- ↳ Natural World
- ↳ Environmental Activists
- Africa Wild Travel and Holiday Information
- ↳ Your Holidays - Responsible Tourism
- ↳ Dongas & Dust
- ↳ Camping
- ↳ Travel Advice and Discussions
- Africa Wild Social Forum
- ↳ The Rhino Midden